In the context of the Bible, the concept of penalty is closely associated with the consequences of sin and disobedience to God's commandments. The notion of penalty is woven throughout the Scriptures, reflecting God's justice, holiness, and the moral order He established.

Old Testament

The Old Testament frequently addresses the penalties for sin, often in the form of divine retribution or prescribed punishments under the Mosaic Law. In Genesis, the first penalty is introduced when Adam and Eve disobey God, resulting in their expulsion from the Garden of Eden and the introduction of death into the human experience (Genesis 3:16-19).

The Mosaic Law, given to the Israelites, outlines specific penalties for various transgressions. For example, Exodus 21:23-25 states, "But if there is serious injury, you are to take life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot." This principle of lex talionis, or the law of retaliation, was intended to ensure justice and proportionality in punishment.

The penalties for idolatry, blasphemy, and other serious offenses were severe, often resulting in death (Leviticus 24:16). The sacrificial system was also established as a means for atonement, allowing the Israelites to seek forgiveness and avoid the ultimate penalty of separation from God.

New Testament

In the New Testament, the concept of penalty is transformed through the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. The penalty for sin, which is death, is addressed in Romans 6:23 : "For the wages of sin is death, but the gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord." This verse highlights the contrast between the deserved penalty for sin and the grace offered through Christ.

Jesus' sacrificial death on the cross is central to the New Testament understanding of penalty. He bore the penalty for humanity's sins, fulfilling the requirements of divine justice and offering redemption to all who believe in Him. As stated in 1 Peter 2:24 , "He Himself bore our sins in His body on the tree, so that we might die to sin and live to righteousness. By His stripes you are healed."

The New Testament also emphasizes the importance of repentance and faith in Christ as the means to avoid the eternal penalty of separation from God. John 3:16 declares, "For God so loved the world that He gave His one and only Son, that everyone who believes in Him shall not perish but have eternal life."

Eschatological Penalty

The Bible also speaks of an eschatological penalty, referring to the final judgment and the eternal consequences for those who reject God's salvation. Revelation 20:12-15 describes the great white throne judgment, where the dead are judged according to their deeds, and those not found in the Book of Life are cast into the lake of fire, symbolizing eternal separation from God.

In summary, the concept of penalty in the Bible underscores the seriousness of sin and the necessity of justice, while also highlighting God's provision of grace and redemption through Jesus Christ.1. (n.) Punishment for crime or offense; the suffering in person or property which is annexed by law or judicial decision to the commission of a crime, offense, or trespass.

2. (n.) The suffering, or the sum to be forfeited, to which a person subjects himself by covenant or agreement, in case of nonfulfillment of stipulations; forfeiture; fine.

3. (n.) A handicap.

5099. tino -- to pay, to pay a penalty
... to pay, to pay a penalty. Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: tino Phonetic Spelling:
(tee'-no) Short Definition: I pay Definition: I pay (penalty). ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/5099.htm - 6k

2631. katakrima -- penalty
... penalty. Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter Transliteration: katakrima Phonetic Spelling:
(kat-ak'-ree-mah) Short Definition: punishment following condemnation ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/2631.htm - 7k

1777. enochos -- held in, bound by, liable to (a condition ...
... held in, bound by, liable to (a condition, penalty or imputation). Part of Speech:
Adjective Transliteration: enochos Phonetic Spelling: (en'-okh-os) Short ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/1777.htm - 6k

1558. ekdikos -- exacting penalty from, avenging
... exacting penalty from, avenging. Part of Speech: Adjective Transliteration: ekdikos
Phonetic Spelling: (ek'-dik-os) Short Definition: avenging, an avenger ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/1558.htm - 7k

1349. dike -- right (as self-evident), justice (the principle, a ...
... Definition: (a) (originally: custom, usage) right, justice, (b) process of law,
judicial hearing, (c) execution of sentence, punishment, penalty, (d) justice ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/1349.htm - 7k

5098. timoria -- punishment, vengeance
... Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: timoria Phonetic Spelling:
(tee-mo-ree'-ah) Short Definition: punishment, penalty Definition: punishment ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/5098.htm - 6k

2210. zemioo -- to damage, suffer loss
... of the penalty, even when the verb is passive. 2210 (from 2209 , "loss") -- to cause
or experience (), especially carrying a penalty (significant detriment). ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/2210.htm - 8k

121. athoos -- unpunished
... innocent. Word Origin from alpha (as a neg. prefix) and thoe (a penalty)
Definition unpunished NASB Word Usage innocent (2). innocent. ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/121.htm - 6k

2009. epitimia -- punishment
... Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine Transliteration: epitimia Phonetic Spelling:
(ep-ee-tee-mee'-ah) Short Definition: punishment Definition: punishment, penalty. ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/2009.htm - 7k

489. antimisthia -- a reward
... painful). Word Origin from antimisthos (as a reward) Definition a reward NASB
Word Usage exchange (1), penalty (1). recompense, reward. ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/489.htm - 6k

6064. anash -- to fine, mulct
... Word Origin denominative verb from onesh Definition to fine, mulct NASB Word Usage
fine (3), fined (1), imposed (1), pay the penalty (1), punished (2), surely ...
/hebrew/6064.htm - 6k

2399. chet -- a sin
... sin. Word Origin from chata Definition a sin NASB Word Usage greatly (1), offenses
(2), penalty (1), sin (22), sins (7). fault, grievously ...
/hebrew/2399.htm - 6k

4941. mishpat -- judgment
... decree (human or (participant's) divine law, individual or collective), including
the act, the place, the suit, the crime, and the penalty; abstractly, justice ...
/hebrew/4941.htm - 7k

2403. chatta'ah -- sinful thing, sin
... Or chattacth {khat-tawth'}; from chata'; an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness),
and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an ...
/hebrew/2403.htm - 5k

2402. chattaah -- sin offering
... sin offering (Aramaic) corresponding to chata'ah; an offence, and the penalty or
sacrifice for it -- sin (offering). see HEBREW chata'ah. 2401, 2402. ...
/hebrew/2402.htm - 5k

6066. onesh -- an indemnity, fine
... fine. Word Origin from an unused word Definition an indemnity, fine NASB
Word Usage fine (1), penalty (1). punishment, tribute. From ...
/hebrew/6066.htm - 6k

Sin and the Penalty of Sin the Same.
... A Treatise on nature and grace, against pelagius; Chapter 24 [XXII.]"Sin
and the Penalty of Sin the Same. "The very matter," says ...
/.../augustine/anti-pelagian writings/chapter 24 xxii sin and the.htm

That the Gods Exacted no Penalty for the Fratricidal Act of ...
... Book III. Chapter 6."That the Gods Exacted No Penalty for the Fratricidal
Act of Romulus. I add another instance: If the sins ...
/.../augustine/city of god/chapter 6 that the gods exacted.htm

Death to Sin's Penalty is the Way Out into a Life of Justification ...
... Death to Sin's Penalty is the Way Out into a Life of Justification. And
as we go out free, we find that on the other side of the ...
/.../trotter/parables of the cross/death to sins penalty is.htm

Through Adam's Sin his Whole Posterity were Corrupted, and were ...
... Chapter 26."Through Adam's Sin His Whole Posterity Were Corrupted, and Were
Born Under the Penalty of Death, Which He Had Incurred. ...
/.../augustine/the enchiridion/chapter 26 through adams sin his.htm

Of the Expedition of Valens against the Goths and How He Paid the ...
... Book IV. Chapter XXXII."Of the expedition of Valens against the Goths and
how he paid the penalty of his impiety. Valens, however ...
/.../the ecclesiastical history of theodoret/chapter xxxii of the expedition of.htm

Unbaptized Infants Damned, but Most Lightly; the Penalty of Adam's ...
... on the Merits and Forgiveness of Sins, and on the Baptism of Infants Chapter 21
[XVI.]"Unbaptized Infants Damned, But Most Lightly; The Penalty of Adam's Sin ...
/.../augustine/anti-pelagian writings/chapter 21 xvi unbaptized infants damned.htm

Introduction
... of a transaction between the Father and the Son, which is ditheism pure and simple;
or which (ii) regards it as intended to relieve us of the penalty of our ...
//christianbookshelf.org/beibitz/gloria crucis/introduction.htm

Doctor Martin Luther on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences
... 4. The penalty [of sin], therefore, continues so long as hatred of self continues;
for this is the true inward repentance, and continues until our entrance ...
/.../luther/martin luthers 95 theses/disputation of doctor martin luther.htm

On the Atonement.
... The penalty of His law is pronounced against it. ... The atonement is a governmental
expedient to sustain law without the execution of its penalty on the sinner. ...
/.../christianbookshelf.org/finney/sermons on gospel themes/xii on the atonement.htm

Sanctions of Moral Law, Natural and Governmental.
... Here the inquiry is, what kind of death is intended, where death is denounced
against the transgressor, as the penalty of the law of God? ...
/.../finney/systematic theology/lecture xix sanctions of moral.htm

Penalty (20 Occurrences)
... Multi-Version Concordance Penalty (20 Occurrences). ... (DBY). Matthew 26:66 What think
ye? And they answering said, He is liable to the penalty of death. (DBY). ...
/p/penalty.htm - 12k

Pardon (31 Occurrences)
... Pardon is an act of a sovereign, in pure sovereignty, granting simply a remission
of the penalty due to sin, but securing neither honour nor reward to the ...
/p/pardon.htm - 18k

Adultery (49 Occurrences)
... seventh commandment. 4. (n.) Faithlessness in religion. 5. (n.) The fine
and penalty imposed for the offense of adultery. 6. (n.) The ...
/a/adultery.htm - 32k

Remission (18 Occurrences)
... 3. (n.) Discharge from that which is due; relinquishment of a claim, right, or
obligation; pardon of transgression; release from forfeiture, penalty, debt, etc ...
/r/remission.htm - 13k

Pain (172 Occurrences)
... 1. (n.) Punishment suffered or denounced; suffering or evil inflicted as a punishment
for crime, or connected with the commission of a crime; penalty. ...
/p/pain.htm - 43k

Punishments (31 Occurrences)
... 2:1, 4, 6), `onesh, "tribute," "fine," "punishment" (Lamentations 3:39), chaTa'ah,
or chaTTa'th, "sin" and its retribution, "penalty," "expiation" (Zechariah 14 ...
/p/punishments.htm - 36k

Quit (12 Occurrences)
... See Guitguit. 2. (v.) Released from obligation, charge, penalty, etc.;
free; clear; absolved; acquitted. 3. (imp. & pp) of Quit. ...
/q/quit.htm - 13k

Tender (66 Occurrences)
... 4. (vt) To offer in payment or satisfaction of a demand, in order to save a penalty
or forfeiture; as, to tender the amount of rent or debt. ...
/t/tender.htm - 33k

Ransom (46 Occurrences)
... 2. (n.) The money or price paid for the redemption of a prisoner, or for goods captured
by an enemy; payment for freedom from restraint, penalty, or forfeit. ...
/r/ransom.htm - 43k

Release (61 Occurrences)
... let go. 3. (n.) To relieve from something that confines, burdens, or oppresses,
as from pain, trouble, obligation, penalty. 4. (n ...
/r/release.htm - 26k

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Penalty: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

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